Gum disease, also called periodontal disease, is an infection and inflammation of the tissues that support the teeth. It is often caused by plaque and bacteria that collect around the teeth and under the gums.

One of the challenging things about gum disease is that it can progress with little or no discomfort. Many patients do not realize they have a problem until gum measurements, X-rays, bleeding, bone loss, or tooth mobility reveal signs of disease.

Common signs of gum disease may include:

• Bleeding when brushing or flossing
• Red, swollen, or tender gums
• Gum recession
• Persistent bad breath or bad taste
• Loose teeth or shifting teeth
• Changes in the way your teeth fit together
• Changes in the fit of a partial denture

Certain factors can increase the risk of gum disease, including tobacco use, diabetes, genetics, crowded teeth that are difficult to clean, certain medications, pregnancy, and inconsistent home care.

The earliest stage of gum disease is called gingivitis. At this stage, the gums may be inflamed and bleed easily, but the condition can often be improved with professional cleaning and consistent brushing and flossing at home.

More advanced gum disease is called periodontitis. Periodontitis can lead to loss of the bone and tissue that support the teeth. If untreated, it may cause teeth to loosen or eventually be lost.

Because periodontal disease involves chronic inflammation and bacterial infection, gum health is an important part of overall wellness.

We evaluate gum health during routine visits by checking periodontal measurements, bleeding, gum recession, bone levels, and other signs of inflammation. Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and may include improved home care, professional cleanings, scaling and root planing, localized antibiotic therapy, periodontal maintenance, or referral to a specialist when needed.

ARESTIN® is one localized antibiotic option that may be used in certain deeper gum pockets as part of a larger periodontal care plan. It is not needed for every patient with gum disease, but it may be recommended when a specific area would benefit from additional bacterial control.

Healthy gums are an important part of overall oral health. Our goal is to identify gum disease early, help you understand your condition, and create a plan to keep your teeth and gums as healthy as possible.